Cancer treatment has always been carried out in the mode of first operation, then radiotherapy and chemotherapy, but this mode has fallen behind in the eyes of some experts at home and abroad.

The "reversal" of the concept of cancer diagnosis and treatment

First, the surgeon Zhu Zhenggang went around to "stop the knife"

There are countless diseases in the world, and the treatment of each disease must go through a long cognitive process to find a suitable, mature and scientific treatment. Now, the traditional treatment of cancer has undergone many reversals.

According to the past clinical and basic medical research, the medical community has concluded that the mode of cancer treatment is: first surgery, then radiotherapy, chemotherapy and now a new method-immunotherapy. Why can malignant tumors be operated, and the operation is the first choice? The medical profession believes that this is just like removing the mountain (the main body of the tumor) first, and then cleaning up the surrounding small clods with chemotherapy and radiotherapy. It is an effective treatment mode, which is called "tumor-removing surgery" academically.

Now, some experts at home and abroad think that this treatment mode is outdated, at least for patients with advanced cancer, it cannot be treated according to this mode. Zhu Zhenggang, an expert in the diagnosis, treatment and research of gastric cancer in the gastrointestinal surgery department of Shanghai Ruijin Hospital, suggested that patients with advanced gastric cancer should not be operated on, because patients with advanced gastric cancer will relapse soon after operation and their survival time is very short. On the contrary, we should take another method, chemotherapy first, then surgery.

This new concept and practice of treatment came out a few years ago abroad and is called "transformation therapy", which is based on clinical research. The new cancer treatment method subverts the traditional concept of cancer treatment, that is, first "transform" the tumor, turn the large tumor into a small tumor, and turn the late tumor into a middle stage or even an early stage, and then perform surgical resection.

The tumor transformation method before operation is chemotherapy. This new treatment method tried by Shanghai Ruijin Hospital is called "preoperative neoadjuvant intraperitoneal combined with systemic chemotherapy" (NIPS), which has been used for more than a year. The treatment results are surprising: the tumor cells that had spread in a large area disappeared, the ascites disappeared, and the fist-sized tumor was reduced to the size of a bean … A group of advanced patients underwent tumor resection after several courses of NIPS treatment, and the survival period was more than one year. Previously, doctors predicted that their survival time was only 3-6 months.

Based on this result, as a surgeon, Zhu Zhenggang went around to "stop the knife". He thought it was useless to rush to operate, and it would be counterproductive. Some doctors in Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Shanghai Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Cancer Hospital, Beijing Cancer Hospital and other big hospitals are also changing their concepts and not easily operating on patients with advanced gastric cancer.

Why do doctors such as Zhu Zhenggang believe that chemotherapy before surgery can better treat patients with advanced cancer? This is scientifically based, and it is the result of evidence-based medical treatment conducted by foreign doctors in clinic.

Second, the concept of evidence-based medicine holds that the credibility of expert opinions is the lowest.

Many diseases find the best treatment in the process of trial and error, and the above new treatment for gastric cancer was put forward only after obtaining the evidence, which involves a new concept of modern medicine-evidence-based medicine (medical treatment).

Evidence-based medicine means "evidence-based medicine", also known as empirical medicine, which is called evidence medicine in Hong Kong and Taiwan. It was put forward in 1996 by sakit, a clinical epidemiologist at the Evidence-based Medicine Center of the National Health Service Department, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford University, UK. The representative monograph is How to Practice and Teach Evidence-based Medicine. In the latest edition (2000 edition) of this monograph, sakit defined evidence-based medicine as "prudently, accurately and wisely applying the best research basis available at present, combining the personal professional skills of doctors and years of clinical experience, and considering the values and wishes of patients, and combining the three perfectly to formulate the treatment measures for patients".

The basic content of evidence-based medicine can be summarized as a core concept, two gold standard evidences, three basic elements, four basic steps and five-level evidence gradient.

A core concept is that doctors should stress and rely on evidence in treating diseases, and the evidence comes from the latest high-quality clinical research results, which is external evidence relative to personal experience.

However, the evidence is true or false, so it is necessary to have reliable or important evidence, that is, two gold standard evidence. One is the systematic review (RCT) of multiple randomized controlled trials, that is, systematic review or meta-analysis; The second is a randomized controlled trial with a large enough single sample (case), which are the most reliable evidence to prove the effectiveness and safety of a certain diagnosis and treatment method.

Three basic elements mean that clinicians should rely on three basic elements to formulate the best diagnosis and treatment plan for different patients, namely, the latest and best clinical research evidence collected, the doctor’s skilled clinical experience and the individual situation and wishes of patients.

The four basic steps are to ask questions in clinical practice, search for evidence all over the world, evaluate the latest and most comprehensive evidence collected, then apply the best evidence, and then evaluate the curative effect.

The five-level evidence gradient means that the research evidence is divided into five levels according to quality and reliability, and the strength of the evidence decreases in turn. The first level is a systematic review of all RCTs, the second level is RCTs with a large enough sample size, the third level is a non-randomized controlled study, the fourth level is an uncontrolled series of case observations, and the fifth level is an expert opinion.

Sakit believes that in clinical treatment, we should first consider the use of one or two levels of gold standard evidence, and in the absence of gold standard evidence, other levels of evidence can be used in turn, and expert opinions have the lowest credibility.

According to the above-mentioned concept of evidence-based medicine, there should be evidence for the treatment of advanced gastric cancer or other advanced cancers. According to the evidence of Ruijin Hospital, more than 30 cases of advanced gastric cancer have been treated by NIPS, and the success rate of surgical transformation has reached 70%, of which 77.8% have been completely removed. After conversion treatment, the survival time of patients has reached more than one year, and the quality of life is also good.

However, according to the second of the two gold standards of evidence-based medicine, that is, a randomized controlled trial with a large enough single sample (case), there are only more than 30 cases of evidence in Ruijin Hospital. Therefore, more cases are needed to prove the effectiveness of this treatment.

Third, the era of specialists working in isolation is out of date.

In the diagnosis and treatment of cancer, doctors should also follow the treatment guidelines formulated by medical professional associations, authoritative national medical research centers or authoritative national health administrative departments, which are also based on the results of evidence-based medical research.

NCCN is the abbreviation of American National Comprehensive Cancer Network. It is a non-profit alliance organization composed of 25 famous cancer centers in the world (including NCI in the United States). It publishes various clinical practice guidelines for malignant tumors every year. Because of its universality and authority, it has been widely recognized and followed by clinicians all over the world.

The Ministry of Health of China has also issued relevant guidelines for cancer diagnosis and treatment, such as the Guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastric Cancer (2011 Edition).

However, in the clinical diagnosis and treatment, there are still many hospitals and doctors in our country who do not treat diseases completely according to the guidelines, but fight for their own treatment with their own clinical experience and specialty characteristics. Similarly, taking gastric cancer as an example, if patients with gastric cancer seek treatment in different departments of the hospital, such as surgery, oncology, radiotherapy, etc., these departments will treat the patients with surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy respectively, which does not meet the requirements of the guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer and lacks the overall treatment concept.

In order to change this situation, the Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University made a new attempt. They set up a multi-disciplinary clinic for gastric cancer, where specialists such as gastrointestinal surgery, oncology, radiotherapy, thoracic surgery, interventional department and pathology gathered together to discuss each case of gastric cancer and reach an agreement on the final diagnosis and treatment plan of the patients. This combined outpatient service can provide patients with personalized and optimized treatment plans, and is also suitable for the treatment of other cancers and diseases.

Xu Ting’s Death and Medical Choice

On the afternoon of September 7th this year, Xu Ting, a 26-year-old post-90s actress, died of malignant lymphoma in Beijing 304 Hospital, after several months of treatment.

Xu Ting’s death shows that in the face of cancer, human ability is still limited. However, if we actively treat cancer and choose appropriate treatment methods, we can still greatly reduce the mortality rate after cancer, and achieve the "three one-thirds" goal of cancer prevention and treatment put forward by the World Health Organization, that is, one-third of cancer can be prevented; One third of cancers can be found and cured early; One third of cancer patients can relieve their pain, prolong their lives and improve their quality of life through effective comprehensive treatment.

Xu Ting’s death shows that she didn’t even reach the latter 1/3 goal of the World Health Organization. Why? A large number of media reports have outlined the initial reason, which is the result of Xu Ting’s personal choice.

In May this year, a hospital in Nanjing initially diagnosed Xu Ting with cancer, but the whole family, including Xu Ting, didn’t believe it.

After that, on July 9th, Xu Ting exposed the examination reports from Beijing 301 Hospital and Beijing Cancer Hospital in Weibo, and all the examination reports from the two hospitals pointed to malignant lymphomas.

Although both hospitals advised her to undergo chemotherapy, Xu Ting refused after consideration. This is a choice based on Xu Ting’s personal life experience. This choice has also prompted Xu Ting to go to two forks in the road. One is that he does not intend to find out what kind of cancer he is suffering from through western medicine, and the other is that he is unwilling to undergo chemotherapy. Because she had seen Qin Sihan, the "most handsome traffic policeman in Chengdu", who suffered from leukemia chemotherapy, her hair fell out and she was weak, but she finally passed away. She believes that adopting western medicine treatment will lead to both human and financial resources.

In fact, Xu Ting suffers from T-lymphoblastic lymphoma, which is a very deadly malignant tumor. Although the treatment of this malignant lymphoma is controversial at home and abroad, it is agreed that combined chemotherapy and individualized treatment of autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation can make some patients get better therapeutic effect and longer survival time. However, Xu Ting chose Chinese medicine treatment based on his personal life experience, including cupping, scraping, acupuncture and bloodletting.

Chinese and Western medicine have their own characteristics and indications. Cupping and scraping are helpful to dispel fatigue. In this year’s Olympic Games, online celebrity has been transformed by American swimmer Phelps, but it is obviously not suitable for the treatment of T-lymphoblastic lymphoma, and it has no symptomatic effect. Acupuncture helps to relieve pain, but bloodletting has not been proved to be effective for any specific disease so far. Therefore, these methods are totally different for the treatment of Xu Ting’s disease, and even seek fish from the edge of the wood.

Although Xu Ting didn’t always be stubborn, he finally returned from the fork in the road and received chemotherapy. The results of chemotherapy completely refuted her personal experience. She didn’t lose her hair like Qin Sihan and her weight didn’t change. And has a preliminary curative effect.

However, it’s all too late. Xu Ting received chemotherapy only one week before his death. According to the experience of clinicians, T-lymphoblastic lymphoma will spread far away in the early stage, invading bone marrow and central nervous system. Therefore, even early patients should be treated as stage IV (advanced stage) for chemotherapy. Before she died, Xu Ting’s mother asked her if she regretted chemotherapy now. She said, regret it! This is enough to explain the problem.

Xu Ting’s death certainly illustrates the danger of cancer, but it is also extremely important to adopt what kind of treatment plan after suffering from cancer. The question is, who will spread the correct knowledge of cancer prevention and treatment to Xu Ting and the thousands of Xu Ting in Qian Qian? This is the most important thing.

Lessons from the surge of cancer patients after September 11th.

On September 11th, 2001, the Twin Towers of the World Trade Center in New York were attacked by a passenger plane hijacked by terrorists, which had disastrous consequences.

Fifteen years later, for Americans, the haze of 9/11 still lingers, because the surge in the number of cancer patients alone has frightened Americans. Affected by dust and other pollutants from the collapse of the Twin Towers, the number of firefighters, police, sanitation workers, volunteers and residents near the World Trade Center who participated in the ground rescue reached 5,441. Moreover, about 75,000 people suffered other health damage due to the September 11th terrorist attacks.

About half of these 5441 cancer patients are between 55 and 64 years old, suffering from various cancers, the most important of which are thyroid cancer, leukemia, lung cancer, esophageal cancer and prostate cancer.

In this regard, there was a statistic. As early as 2012, the Journal of the American Medical Association published a study done by the new york Municipal Health Bureau. They counted more than 55,000 people who had been exposed to the dust in the ruins, among whom 1,187 people had been diagnosed with cancer, and the cancer incidence rate was about 21.58/100,000, while the total cancer incidence rate in the United States was 3 million/100,000. Moreover, compared with today’s 5,441 cancer patients and more than 55,000 people exposed to dust from the ruins, the incidence of cancer is higher, at 98.92/100,000. Obviously, it is an indisputable fact that the September 11th incident caused a surge in cancer patients, and there are many lessons to be learned, the most important of which is the lesson of social medicine, that is, for political reasons, exposing innocent people to high-concentration polluted environment.

After the incident, in order to let the world see that the United States is strong and will not be intimidated and crushed by terrorist attacks, the government came forward to appease the public and encourage people to go to work. The US Environmental Protection Agency, the Safety and Health Committee and other departments all came out to assure the public: "The air is safe and you can breathe with confidence; Water is safe and safe to drink. "

The American public later realized this, especially cancer patients pointed out that the government was more concerned about the economic situation, and they needed to maintain the position of the United States as the world economic center, and new york was one of them.

However, we should know that the World Trade Center in new york, built in 1966, used a lot of chemical materials such as asbestos. The terrorist attacks triggered a fire, with 1.2 million tons of high-strength and high-density building materials burning, including 300-400 tons of asbestos released from the North Tower. In addition, there are more than 50,000 computers in high-rise buildings, which also release a lot of harmful substances after burning.

In this regard, American journalists cooperated with the investigators of the American Geographical Association to come up with a dust sample that was different from the US government’s statement. It was found that after the terrorist incident, the dust in the center of new york contained a large number of harmful substances such as asbestos, lead, man-made fibers and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, which were highly corrosive, and their alkaline strength was equivalent to that of household cleaners.

The World Health Organization has already announced that chemicals such as asbestos and lead are highly carcinogenic. After the terrorist attacks, the government immediately encouraged people to go to work, which undoubtedly exposed the public to extremely high concentrations of carcinogens, laying a curse for the high incidence of cancer in the future.

In fact, after the disaster, the governments of many countries will take the way of concealing the truth, encouraging or even requiring the public to work in a heavily polluted environment and live in a polluted place, instead of taking measures to evacuate the public from the polluted place, thus pushing more innocent people into danger. For example, in order to bid for the right to host the 2020 Olympic Games, in September 2013, Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe said in support of Tokyo’s bid for the Olympic Games: Despite the nuclear leakage at the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant after the March 11, 2011 earthquake and tsunami in Japan, the environment is "under control". At that time, there were many voices in Japan accusing Abe of being untrue, because the development of the situation was not as Abe said, but the pollution of nuclear power plants was difficult to remove, and polluted groundwater and sewage were continuously discharged into the sea.

At the same time, Tokyo Electric Power Company (TEPCO) of Japan has also acted up and down, saying that nuclear pollution can be controlled. Moreover, because the company did not inform people of the specific details of the nuclear leakage in time, even the drinking water and bathing water of American rescuers stationed in Japan may be polluted. Some American soldiers even drove helicopters to Fukushima for disaster relief.

After understanding the truth, more than 400 people who participated in the earthquake and tsunami rescue in Japan in 2011 sued Tokyo Electric Power Company, claiming that they suffered from leukemia, brain tumor and various cancers due to radiation, demanding compensation. At present, this lawsuit is still in progress.

The U.S. government is still unwilling to admit the fact that the number of people suffering from cancer has increased sharply after the September 11 terrorist attacks, but requires scientific research to confirm it.

In fact, everyone knows that when air and water contain a lot of pollutants, people who work and live in this environment will inevitably increase their chances of getting cancer. Therefore, encouraging the public to work and live in a polluted environment is undoubtedly a second harm to people before the pollutants have been completely eliminated and the environment has not been restored to a safe state. The lessons of the September 11 incident in the United States are worthy of serious learning by all countries. (Zhang Tiankan)

　　The coming year 2007 is a year worth reviewing and recording. From the frequent recalls in the auto market to the new round of reorganization and cooperation between domestic and foreign auto companies, and then to the collective bid change and rising oil prices by independent brands seeking overseas markets, it is difficult to sum up too many hot events in one or two words. Then, we might as well review these hot events one by one, and perhaps we can see clearly what the auto market experienced in 2007.

　　Keywords: recall

　　In March of this year, Guangzhou Honda recalled some Accord, Odyssey and Fit cars; In April, PSA Peugeot Citroen recalled some C5R and C6 cars; In June, Beijing Benz-Daimler? Chrysler recalled some 2007 domestic Chrysler 300C cars, Changan Ford Mazda recalled some 2.0 manual Mondeo cars, Nissan recalled Guishi V42 multi-purpose passenger cars, Sichuan FAW Toyota Changchun Fengyue Company recalled some Prius cars, and Hunan Changfeng Automobile recalled some Mitsubishi off-road vehicles; In July, Mercedes-Benz recalled some W220 and W215 cars; In August, Jiangxi Changhe Suzuki recalled some Liana cars; In September, Dongfeng Motor Co., Ltd. recalled some cars; In October, Sichuan FAW Toyota Motor Co., Ltd. recalled some Costa buses; In November, Shenlong Automobile Co., Ltd. recalled some Dongfeng Peugeot 206 automatic cars and Honda recalled some Acura RL cars …

　　Counting the recall events in the auto market this year, the recall frequency of auto manufacturers in the China market has reached almost every month. According to a data from the Defective Product Management Center of the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine, since China officially implemented the Regulations on the Management of Defective Automobile Product Recall on October 1, 2004, as of November this year, more than 1.3 million vehicles have been recalled in China, involving 107 models of 45 domestic and foreign enterprises, with 103 recalls. Among them, there were 13 recalls in China in 2004, involving more than 320 thousand vehicles of 13 models; In 2005, there were 27 recalls, involving more than 60 thousand vehicles of 27 models; In 2006, there were 40 recalls, involving more than 340 thousand vehicles of 42 models; In the first 11 months of 2007, there were 23 recalls, involving more than 580,000 vehicles of 25 models.

　　Such high-frequency recalls attract attention. After careful observation, it is not difficult to find that many of the frequently recalled models are new models that have just been on the market for one or two years or even more than half a year. It is precisely because automobile manufacturers are eager to push new cars in recent years that more and more models are too eager to put on the market. Coupled with the round of price cuts, automobile manufacturers have to reduce costs, and domestic cars have begun to enter a peak period of automobile product recall.

　　Keywords: merger and reorganization

　　Since the beginning of this year, the domestic auto market has once again set off a wave of mergers, acquisitions, cooperation and joint ventures-asset reorganization fever: On June 29th this year, PSA and hafei automobile Group formally signed a memorandum of understanding to study the feasibility of establishing a joint venture company, and the two sides will set up a new joint venture company to produce light commercial vehicles under PSA Group; On July 4th, Chery and Chrysler formally signed a strategic cooperation agreement in Beijing. The two sides used Chery’s ability in the development, manufacturing and cost control of small and medium-sized automobile products and Chrysler’s advantages in brand influence and marketing to explore major international markets such as North America and the European Union. In addition, the dispute between Nanjing Automobile and SAIC, which has attracted much attention, has finally made new progress this year after many rounds of difficult negotiations and consultations, and is expected to reach a plan of comprehensive cooperation. Since the acquisition of Rover in Britain, there has been a feud between Nanqi MG and SAIC Roewe. This round of asset reorganization of automobile manufacturers has different characteristics, and foreign manufacturers seem to be more optimistic about their own brands, which provides a good opportunity for the development of independent brand enterprises: for example, the strategic cooperation model of "complementary advantages and win-win cooperation" between Chery and Chrysler; After Hafei’s joint venture with Peugeot Citroen, it is undoubtedly an opportunity for Hafei’s independent research and development and enterprise development.

　　Keywords: bid change

　　From last year, China’s self-owned brands such as Jianghuai, Changan, Haima and Shuanghuan quietly replaced the old logo, and this year, Geely, Great Wall, BYD and other self-owned brands collectively changed the logo, which aroused widespread concern inside and outside the industry, and pushed the action of changing the logo of China’s self-owned brands to the forefront of public opinion.

　　In January this year, Geely Automobile announced that it would collect a new Geely logo globally and offer a huge bonus of 3.6 million yuan. Geely’s 3.6 million-yuan global bid for new cars, which lasted for 10 months and set a world commercial bid record, ended in November this year. According to the data from the Organizing Committee of Geely Bidding, 27,336 manuscripts and emails were received at home and abroad, and 12,205 manuscripts were finally valid. These manuscripts came from more than 100 countries around the world, setting a world record for enterprise bidding.

　　In order to enter the overseas market on a large scale, BYD started to use the new corporate logo, changed the traditional blue-and-white brand logo, and redesigned the brand logo. Judging from the LOGO that has been released, the new logo has been replaced with solid red, giving people a clear feeling, concise and eye-catching. The new logo will be used first abroad, and there will be a period of replacement of old and new in China.

　　At the same time, on October 29th, Great Wall Motor began to renew its global standard. "Now Great Wall Motor has been sold to 109 countries, including more than 70 countries that have achieved batch export and established and improved 4S marketing networks. If there are true and false LOGO in many countries at the same time, it will cause great harm to the Great Wall Motor brand and even China Automobile. " Wang Fengying, president of Great Wall Motor, said that because the old trademark of Great Wall Motor was registered in many countries, it encountered some troubles in the process of overseas export, and it was helpless for Great Wall Motor to change its bid.

　　In view of the phenomenon of collective bid-changing of self-owned brand cars in China, some car manufacturers and people in the industry have their own views on this, and have formed distinct positive and negative views. Supporters believe that the bid change can enhance the image of the product’s own brand and help to expand overseas markets. On the other hand, the opponent thinks that the bid change is not only a denial of the past brands, but also requires a lot of money, which may not be worth the candle.

　　Keywords: Joint ventures engage in autonomy

　　Automobile joint ventures, which have always focused on imported models, have suddenly changed their independent innovation this year. Guangzhou Honda, Shanghai Volkswagen and other joint venture automobile companies have collectively made efforts to announce their own research and development plans and started to build their own brands.

　　On July 18th, German Volkswagen and Shanghai Volkswagen signed a joint statement in Shanghai to jointly develop a new generation of mid-to-high-class cars. The two sides will focus on developing a brand-new technologically advanced car based on German Volkswagen’s new generation B-class platform for the global market for the North American and China markets. The new product will be the follow-up model of Shanghai Volkswagen PASSAT, and will be released in 2009. The research and development of Shanghai Volkswagen will also be gradually incorporated into audi ag’s global development system.

　　On July 19th this year, at the establishment ceremony of Guangzhou Honda Automobile Research and Development Co., Ltd., Okawahara Rongji, general manager of Guangzhou Honda, announced that Guangzhou Honda would soon launch its own independent brand, and the newly established Guangzhou Honda Automobile Research and Development Co., Ltd. would undertake the important task of independent brand research and development. Guangzhou Honda’s own brand will launch a brand-new logo, and the first new car will be officially put into production in 2010.

　　Although there are doubts in the industry about the joint venture’s independent brand at present, some people think that the joint venture’s independent brand is the need of cooperation between the two parties, and it is also a compromise from the outside world to the China market, which is also in line with the requirements of the National Development and Reform Commission for the China automobile joint venture to have its own brand. At the same time, it creates a new road for China enterprises in the process of autonomy.

　　Keywords: C-NCAP crash test

　　This year, both automobile manufacturers and ordinary consumers have paid special attention to automobile safety issues. In October, Tianjin Automotive Technology and Research Center C-NCAP released the crash test evaluation results of the third batch of vehicles this year. Among the eight vehicles participating in the test, Guangzhou Toyota Camry, Shanghai Volkswagen Skoda Ming Rui, Shanghai GM Buick Boulevard, FAW-Volkswagen Audi A6L and Dongfeng Citroen Triumph all got the highest five-star results. Automobile manufacturers who have achieved good results have seized this favorable opportunity to play the "safety card".

　　At the same time, China People’s Property Insurance Co., Ltd. also formally signed a strategic cooperation agreement with China Automobile Technology Research Center in Tianjin. In the future, the two sides will work together to study the new premium rate standard, and the star rating of C-NCAP is expected to be an important reference. In the future, the higher the star rating, the lower the insurance premium. For a time, it also makes ordinary consumers pay more attention to safety issues when buying a car.

　　Although this incident has caused people’s controversy about the C-NCAP crash test results, with the increasing influence of the C-NCAP crash test, the crash results have begun to affect the sales of models, and even affect the sales of other models of automobile brands. Moreover, this will also encourage domestic automobile manufacturers to increase investment in safety research and development to provide consumers with safer models.

　　Keywords: new energy vehicles

　　On November 1, the prices of gasoline, diesel and aviation kerosene increased by 500 yuan per ton, and the national average retail benchmark prices of gasoline and diesel were respectively increased by per ton.

　　The 5480 yuan and 5020 yuan were adjusted to 5980 yuan and 5520 yuan, and the oil prices of major gas stations in our province also increased by leaps and bounds. The 93rd gasoline rose from 4.65 yuan to 5.07 yuan per liter, and the 97th gasoline rose from 4.91 yuan to 5.36 yuan per liter. At the same time as the oil price has risen sharply, there is even a shortage of diesel supply and demand in some parts of the country, and the problem of energy shortage has become more and more prominent.

　　In fact, from the frequent fluctuation of oil prices in 2005 to the fact that oil prices only rose and did not fall in 2006, and then to the slight decline of oil prices in early 2007 and this strong rebound, the impact of the continuous rise of oil prices on the automobile market has become more and more obvious. The consumption pressure brought by the rise of oil prices is quietly changing people’s habits of buying and using cars, such as small-displacement and energy-saving models, which are more popular. At the same time, automobile manufacturers are paying more and more attention to the research and development of new energy vehicles. BYD, Chery, Geely, GAC and other automobile manufacturers have actively demonstrated their research and development achievements in new energy vehicles, and said that they will put them on the market in the near future.

　　With the increasing energy shortage, new energy vehicles are undoubtedly becoming the trend of future automobile development. In order to better develop this industry, which is increasingly important to China’s energy-saving strategy, the National Development and Reform Commission officially issued the Management Rules for the Production Access of New Energy Vehicles, which was officially implemented on November 1, which undoubtedly provided a basis for the healthy and standardized development of new energy vehicles in the future. (Xie Yuanli)

Editor: Yu Qingqing

　　With the progress of society and the improvement of people’s living standards, many owners have spent a lot of thoughts on decoration in order to live more comfortably and have more beautiful houses. There are many owners who misunderstand that houses are private property of individuals, thus ignoring the decoration safety. During the decoration process, a large number of illegal acts such as demolition, modification and expansion occur, which may damage the structure of houses and affect the overall safety of houses.

　　Recently, two pieces of news have aroused public concern and heated discussion: a tenant in Harbin privately demolished the load-bearing wall, which led to different degrees of wall cracking on the 4 th to 21 ST floors of the building, and more than 200 households were evacuated urgently and could not go home, with an estimated loss of 160 million yuan; Coincidentally, the owner of a residential area in Guangzhou dismantled the load-bearing wall privately during the renovation, which led to the floor sinking and wall cracking of the upstairs house … … Accidents caused by load-bearing walls have occurred frequently recently, which once again sounded the alarm about the safety of residential construction.

　　As the "life wall" of a building, is it illegal to demolish and change it privately? Who will bear the legal consequences? This paper will popularize and interpret the legal issues related to the renovation of related houses.

　　[news events]

　　According to media reports, a private demolition of the load-bearing wall in a residential area in Baiyun District, Guangzhou caused some wall cracks upstairs. This incident, like the multi-story wall cracking caused by the forced smashing of the load-bearing wall in Harbin residential building, also attracted great attention from all parties.

　　It is understood that a second-floor owner of the incident community had previously dismantled the load-bearing structure of the house privately, destroying the load-bearing beam and shear wall, causing cracks in some walls of the upstairs residents, and some owners have temporarily moved out for safety reasons.

　　After the accident, the owners entrusted the relevant housing appraisal company to conduct housing safety appraisal for Room 204 and Room 304. The report shows that some structural beams of Room 204 were demolished, and some shear walls were opened and partially demolished. The damage of both rooms meets the standard of "serious damage". Among them, the demolition and reconstruction of structural members of Room 204 seriously affected the safety of the building structure.

　　In May this year, the local sub-district office issued an open letter to the owner, saying that after the incident, the Housing Construction and Transportation Bureau and the sub-district office conducted mediation on this incident for the first time, and the Housing Construction and Transportation Bureau of this district has filed an investigation on the relevant situation, and has completed the temporary reinforcement and support project from April 8 to 18.

　　The sub-district office also said in an open letter that after investigation and judgment by experts, the overall structure of the building is stable and controllable at present, and personnel do not need to be transferred, but permanent reinforcement construction needs to be carried out as soon as possible. At present, many professional organizations in Guangzhou have been entrusted to carry out the design and construction of safety appraisal and testing and permanent repair and reinforcement projects.

　　Law popularization by lawyers

　　What is a load-bearing wall? How to judge the load-bearing wall?

　　Load-bearing wall, known as the "life wall" of a building, refers to the wall that supports the weight of the upper floor, is the backbone of the building, and is also an important part of determining indoor safety. The bearing wall is scientifically calculated. If the bearing wall is decorated with holes, it will affect the stability of the foundation.

　　Although the load-bearing wall is located in the owner’s home, it still belongs to a common part, and the owner’s use of the wall shall not destroy its basic function. According to Article 3 of the Supreme People’s Court’s Interpretation on Several Issues Concerning the Specific Application of Laws in the Trial of Disputes over the Ownership of Buildings, the basic structural parts of buildings, such as foundation, load-bearing structure, external walls and roofs, public access parts such as passages, stairs and lobbies, ancillary facilities such as fire fighting and public lighting, equipment, stairs, refuge floor, equipment floor or equipment room, etc., should be recognized as common parts.

　　How to judge whether it is a load-bearing wall? Owners can generally check and judge through the house floor plan, and the walls marked as black are load-bearing walls. In addition, judging from the thickness of the wall, the thickness of the non-load-bearing wall is thin, usually only about 12 cm, while the wall of the load-bearing wall is generally thick, at least more than 24 cm. In addition, from the structural type, it can be judged that if it is a brick-concrete house, then all walls belong to load-bearing walls; If it is a frame structure wall, generally only the outdoor wall belongs to the load-bearing wall, and the others are non-load-bearing walls, depending on the actual situation.

　　What are the legal consequences of the owner’s demolition of the load-bearing wall? Do you have to bear criminal responsibility?

　　Dismantling the load-bearing wall privately will not only affect the house where it is located, but also affect other houses in the same building or unit, and will also endanger the integrity, earthquake resistance and structural safety of the building, and cause potential safety hazards to the whole building, so the actor may be subject to administrative punishment, civil compensation and even criminal punishment.

　　Judging from the provisions of the Civil Code, if there are indeed acts of privately demolishing load-bearing walls or other illegal decoration, whether it is the owners’ meeting, the owners’ committee, or the infringed parties or interested parties, they can claim corresponding rights for this act. Civil remedies include demanding to stop the infringement, removing the obstruction, eliminating the danger, restoring the original state and compensating for the losses. Among them, the compensation losses include housing appraisal fees, reinforcement design fees, reinforcement fees and losses due to the decrease of housing value.

　　From an administrative point of view, privately demolishing the load-bearing wall violates the provisions of Article 69 of the Regulations on Quality Management of Construction Projects. If a decoration project involving changes in the main body of the building or the load-bearing structure is constructed without a design scheme, it shall be ordered to make corrections and be fined not less than 500,000 yuan but not more than 1 million yuan; Housing construction users who arbitrarily change the main body and load-bearing structure of housing construction during the decoration process shall be ordered to make corrections and be fined between 50,000 yuan and 100,000 yuan.

　　From the perspective of criminal responsibility, the act of dismantling the load-bearing wall without permission makes the building dangerous and endangers public safety, which is suspected of constituting the crime of endangering public safety by dangerous means.

　　Law link:

　　Article 70 of China’s "Building Law" stipulates that in violation of the provisions of this law, renovation projects involving changes in the main building or load-bearing structure are constructed without authorization, and they shall be ordered to make corrections and be fined; If losses are caused, they shall be liable for compensation; If a crime is constituted, criminal responsibility shall be investigated according to law.

　　Article 115 of the Criminal Law stipulates that anyone who causes serious injury or death or heavy losses to public or private property by other dangerous means shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not less than 10 years, life imprisonment or death. Whoever negligently commits the crime mentioned in the preceding paragraph shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not less than three years but not more than seven years; If the circumstances are minor, they shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not more than three years or criminal detention.

　　If it is illegal construction in the construction process of the decoration company, or misleading the owner to make an illegal construction plan, what kind of responsibility should the decoration company bear?

　　As a professional decoration company, the decoration company should ensure that the decoration behavior is legal. Even if the scheme of demolishing and modifying the load-bearing wall is approved by the owner, it should not be demolished without legal procedures, otherwise it should bear corresponding compensation liability for its fault behavior.

　　For the decorators and decoration companies that are jointly and severally liable, the damaged residents have the right to request some or all of the jointly and severally liable persons to take responsibility. The responsibility share of the decorator and the decoration company shall be determined according to their respective responsibilities; It is difficult to determine the size of the responsibility, and bear the responsibility equally. Joint and several persons who actually assume more responsibility than their own share have the right to recover from other joint and several persons.

　　If you know or should know or even mislead the owner to make an illegal construction plan, causing serious consequences, the decoration company and the relevant responsible person may have to bear corresponding criminal responsibility.

　　Law link:

　　Article 1165 of the Civil Code stipulates that if the actor infringes on the civil rights and interests of others due to his fault, he shall bear the tort liability. If the actor is presumed to be at fault according to the law, and he cannot prove that he is not at fault, he shall bear tort liability.

　　Article 33 of the Measures for the Administration of Interior Decoration of Residential Buildings stipulates that the decorator shall be responsible for repairing and compensating for pipeline blockage, water leakage, water and power failure, damage to articles, etc. caused by interior decoration of residential buildings; Belonging to the responsibility of the decoration enterprise, the decorator can claim compensation from the decoration enterprise. If the decorator dismantles and changes heating and gas pipelines and facilities without authorization, the decorator shall be responsible for compensation.

　　Does the property company need to be responsible for the owner’s illegal demolition and renovation?

　　The realty service company accepts the employment of the owners’ meeting and collects the realty service fee, and shall perform the corresponding obligations according to the stipulations of the realty service contract and the legal provisions. Whether the property company needs to bear the responsibility depends on whether the property company has fulfilled the supervisory responsibilities such as prompting, inspecting, stopping and reporting before the owner’s renovation. If the property company fails to fulfill its obligation of prompting and stopping, it should bear certain liability for compensation for the losses caused by the illegal decorator, and may also face criminal punishment if it causes particularly serious consequences.

　　The property management company has the obligation to remind the owner of reasonable precautions, such as the placement of decoration materials, the limitation of decoration time and the limitation of decoration content, including the prohibition and related precautions, so as to avoid the owner from damaging the building, especially the common part of the building, in the process of decoration. If the property company fails to fulfill the obligation of prompting, which causes the decoration owner to damage the interests of other owners or cause losses to others, the property company will bear a certain proportion of responsibility.

　　Law link:

　　Article 945 of the Civil Code stipulates that the property management company, as the manager of the community, has the obligation to inspect the owner’s decoration behavior and the decoration site. Found violations have the obligation to stop, and report to the relevant departments.

　　Article 79 of Beijing Property Management Regulations stipulates that owners and property users who decorate houses shall inform the property service providers in advance, sign a decoration service agreement with the property service providers, and cooperate with them to conduct necessary on-site inspections. The agreement shall include the prohibition of decoration works, the requirements for garbage stacking and removal, as well as the cost and construction time. Owners or property users have not signed a decoration service agreement, or in violation of the relevant provisions and decoration service agreement, the property service person shall promptly discourage; Refuses to correct, the property service person shall promptly report to the relevant competent department.

　　If the owner conceals the damage of the load-bearing wall when selling the house, does he need to bear the responsibility?

　　When the owner sells the house, if he conceals the damage of the load-bearing wall, it is a violation of the principle of good faith in law, and the seller should bear the liability for breach of contract according to law.

　　The principle of good faith is one of the most important basic principles in the Civil Law, which is applicable to the whole field of civil law. Civil subjects should abide by this principle when exercising any civil rights and performing any civil obligations. The principle of honesty and credit requires upholding honesty and keeping promises, which is the premise and foundation for maintaining normal market order.

　　Law link:

　　Article 7 of the Civil Code stipulates that civil subjects should follow the principle of good faith, uphold honesty and keep their promises when engaging in civil activities. Article 509 stipulates that the parties shall fully perform their obligations as agreed. The parties shall follow the principle of good faith and fulfill the obligations of notification, assistance and confidentiality according to the nature, purpose and trading habits of the contract.

　　Text/gaoyu (lawyer of Beijing Zhongzheng Law Firm)

　　(Beijing Youth Daily)

Important news in the province

one

On July 12th, the Jiangxi Provincial Department of Education issued the Notice on Doing a Good Job in Summer School Safety, requiring all local schools to firmly establish the concept of "teachers and students first, life first", carry out the investigation and rectification of school safety hazards in a solid manner, strictly implement the summer campus safety management measures, effectively strengthen risk early warning, pre-judgment and prevention in key areas, and strictly examine and approve the procedures for running training courses to prevent conflicts and disputes involving schools.

2

On July 13th, the reporter was informed that, in order to do more work and make a hot summer vacation in Jiangxi in 2021, the Provincial Department of Culture and Tourism has compiled the theme tour route of "Summer Vacation in Jiangxi" in 2021, which is divided into two sections: the boutique tour route of "Jiayou Jiangxi" and the regional linkage tour route of "Summer Vacation in Jiangxi", with a total of seven tour routes, so as to deeply explore the summer tourism resources of Jiangxi.

three

Recently, the undergraduate admission notice of Nanchang University was updated, and 2021 is the centenary of Nanchang University. This year’s admission notice of Nanchang University is based on the design concept of "tree rings", which encircles 100 years to form an annual ring, telling the history of Nanchang University from 1921 (1921) and interpreting the spirit of "patriotism, self-improvement, innovation and realism".

four

Recently, the reporter learned from Nanchang Passenger Transport Management Office that since 24: 00 on July 12, 2021, the price of gasoline and diesel in Nanchang has been raised, and the 92 # gasoline has been raised to 7.10 yuan/liter. It is reported that in August, 2017, Nanchang Municipal Price Bureau and Transportation Bureau jointly issued a document stating that when the price of gasoline rises from 7.06 yuan/liter to 8.25 yuan/liter, 1 yuan will be charged for each taxi trip, which means that passengers will be charged 1 yuan fuel surcharge every time they take a taxi.

Domestic and international

one

On July 13th, the National Health and Wellness Commission held a press conference to introduce the prevention and control of myopia among children and adolescents and the health of summer students. According to reports, the overweight and obesity rate of children and adolescents aged 6-17 in China is nearly 20%, and the overweight and obesity rate of children under 6 years old is over 10%. The problem of overweight and obesity of children under 6 years old exceeds that of cities in rural areas.

2

Ming Xu, a former member of the Party Group and deputy director of the State Grain Administration, is suspected of serious violation of discipline and law, and is currently undergoing disciplinary review and supervision investigation by the State Commission for Discipline Inspection of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection.

three

Recently, the Ministry of Public Security issued instructions after the technical comparison battle class found clues. The public security organs in Shandong, Henan, Shanxi and other places worked closely together to successfully retrieve the prototype of the abducted child Guo Xinzhen in the movie "Lonely Lost", and investigated along the line, arresting two suspects, one man and one woman, who trafficked Guo Xinzhen that year. On July 11th, the public security organs of Shandong and Henan held a ceremony to recognize Guo Gangtang and Guo Xinzhen’s family in Liaocheng City, Shandong Province, and the family separated for 24 years was finally reunited.

four

On July 13th, local time, the French Competition Authority imposed a fine of 500 million euros on Google Inc. of the United States for failing to negotiate in good faith with French publishers on the payment of news content.

five

On July 11, local time, Haitian police chief Leon Charles held a press conference to inform the latest progress of the assassination of the president and initially locked in a major suspect. Charles said that several arrested mercenaries confessed that the suspect was Christian Emma Nursen zanon. The police found a large number of weapons, some foreign vehicle license plates and a sun hat with the logo of the US Drug Enforcement Administration in their home.

Tianqi

Today’s weather: the whole province is sunny and cloudy, with some showers or thunderstorms in the afternoon. Wind direction: southerly, with gusts of about 7 in rivers and lakes, plain valleys and high-altitude mountainous areas.

11 weather conditions in districts and cities

Nanchang sunny 29 ~ 37℃

Jiujiang turns cloudy to sunny at 28 ~ 37℃

Jingdezhen sunny 29 ~ 37℃

Yichun sunny 27 ~ 37℃

Pingxiang sunny 29 ~ 38℃

Xinyu Qing 28 ~ 36℃

Ji’ an Qing 30 ~ 38℃

Shangraoqing 27 ~ 37℃

Yingtan sunny 28 ~ 37℃

Fuzhou sunny 28 ~ 38℃

Ganzhou is cloudy at 29 ~ 36℃

today in history

On July 14th, 1976, the Tanzania-Zambia Railway aided by China was opened to traffic.

(People’s Network Information)

I wish you every day in the future, can calmly deal with all the sunshine and storms of life.

Today Wednesday, Jiang Baojun said to you: Good morning!

Original title: "Good morning, 24 years of global village! The prototype of the movie "Lonely Lost" welcomes the reunion "sequel"

Read the original text